Frequently asked questions · Margin VAT

What if you sell a piece at a loss?

It counts. Not as zero — that is the point of working per period.

If you work per period, you count a loss in. In Belgium a loss on one piece lowers your margin over the year: in the last period you use the purchase prices of what you sold; in the periods before it you deduct all purchases of the period, sold or not (Royal Decree no. 53, art. 3). The Netherlands also works per period by default, for furniture, clothing, books, vehicles, art and antiques (UB OB art. 4c(1)). If you work per piece, as the French default rule does, a loss counts as zero and reduces nothing.

A bad buy is therefore less costly than it looks. Buy and sell a cabinet at 200 euros profit and a mirror at 80 euros loss in the same quarter and your taxable margin is 120 euros, not 200.

A cabinet and a mirror, bought and sold in the same quarter

Per period, as in Belgium and the Netherlands

  • Cabinet+€200
  • Mirror−€80
  • Taxable margin€120

Per piece, the French default rule

  • Cabinet+€200
  • Mirror: the loss counts as zero€0
  • Taxable margin€200

€200 − €80 = €120. Per piece it stays €200.

The condition is that you can show the purchase price of both pieces. A loss you cannot prove does not exist for the return — and then you pay on the full profit of the others after all.

The condition: the purchase price

Can you show the purchase price of both pieces?

yes

The loss countsIt reduces the profit on your other pieces.

no

The loss does not exist for the returnYou pay on the full profit of the others.

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Also worth knowing

Do you calculate the margin per piece or per period?

In Belgium the profit margin is looked at per return period: you add up all purchases and all sales in the period and only then take the difference. That is the globalisation method. In France the statutory default is per piece, but globalisation is allowed, with no prior election; in the UK the Margin Scheme is per piece and Global Accounting per period.

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What if your whole return period ends negative?

Then no margin VAT is due for that period, and you get nothing back: a negative margin does not create a credit. In the Netherlands the shortfall may be carried to the next period, where it lowers your margin. After the year comes a year-end balance. If that is negative, it goes into the next year on request, and what you overpaid that year comes back to you (UB OB art. 4c(6)–(8)). In Belgium the last period of the year recalculates the whole year, and a negative year is not carried into the next year.

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